A’immah (عليهم السلام) vs. Science Series (Part 1)

Here is an article made by Abu Abdullaah (from shiachat):

This is part 1 of many articles in the series titled “A’immah (عليهم السلام) vs. Science”. The reason I have titled this as such is not because our Imaams (عليهم السلام) go against science, rather I have titled this to show how far ahead of science our Imaams (عليه السلام) were. Part 1 of this series deals with sitting for an extended period of time in the bathroom can be one of the causes for hemorrhoids.

(Taken from my personal copy of Wasaa’il Al-Shee`ah, vol. 1, ch. 20, pg. 236 – 237)

بَابُ كَرَاهَةِ طُولِ الْجُلُوسِ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ

Translation: “Chapter on the dislike to sit long on the toilet”

Source: Wasaa’il al-Shee’ah by Shaykh Hurr al-‘Aamilee, vol. 1, pg. 336, ch. 20

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ قَالَ لُقْمَانُ لِابْنِهِ طُولُ الْجُلُوسِ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ يُورِثُ الْبَاسُورَ قَالَ فَكَتَبَ هَذَا عَلَى بَابِ الْحُش‏

Translation: “Muhammad bin al-Hasan (Shaykh Toosee) by his isnaad from Muhammad bin ‘Alee bin MaHboob from Al-‘Abbaas (bin Ma’roof) from Al-Husayn bin Yazeed (Nawfoolee) from Ismaa’eel bin Abee Ziyaad (Sukoonee) from Muhammad bin Muslim. He said, ‘I heard Abaa Ja’far (عليه السلام) say, ‘Luqmaan said to his son: ‘Sitting long upon the toilet inherits hemorrhoids. He said: ‘Then he wrote that on the door of Al-Hushsh (?).’”

Source: Al-Toosi, Tahdheeb Al-aHkaam, vol. 1, ch. 15, pg. 352, hadeeth # 4
             Wasaa’il al-Shee’ah by Shaykh Hurr al-‘Aamilee, vol. 1, pg. 336, h. 883

Grading: Muwaththaq (Reliable)

(Taken from my personal copy of Man Laa YaHDuruh Al-Faqeeh, vol. 1, pg. 18, hadeeth # 56)

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع طُولُ الْجُلُوسِ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ يُورِثُ الْبَاسُورَ

Translation: “Muhammad bin ‘Alee bin Husayn (Shaykh Sadooq) said: Aboo Ja’far (عليه السلام) said: ‘Sitting long on the toilet inherits hemorrhoids.’”

Source: Al-Sadooq, Man Laa YaHDuruh Al-Faqeeh, vol. 1, pg. 28, hadeeth 56
             Wasaa’il al-Shee’ah by Shaykh Hurr al-‘Aamilee, vol. 1, pg. 336, h. 884

Grading: Da’eef walakin Mu’tabar (Weak but Valid)

(Taken from my personal copy of `Ilal Al-Sharaa'i`, vol. 1, pg. 270, ch. 187, hadeeth # 1)

وَ فِي الْعِلَلِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْبَجَلِيِّ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ طُولُ الْجُلُوسِ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ يُورِثُ الْبَوَاسِير

Translation: “And in ‘Ilal (al-Sharaa`i’ by Shaykh Sadooq) from his father from Sa’d bin Abd ‘Allaah from Al-FaDl bin ‘3aamir from Moosa bin al-Qaasim al-Bajalee from the one he mentioned from Muhammad bin Muslim. He said: ‘I heard Abaa Ja’far (عليه السلام) say, ‘Sitting long on the toilet inherits hemorrhoids.’’”

Source: Al-Sadooq, `Ilal Al-Sharaa’i`, vol. 1, ch. 187, pg. 278, hadeeth # 1
             Wasaa’il al-Shee’ah by Shaykh Hurr al-‘Aamilee, vol. 1, pg. 336, h. 885

Grading: Da’eef walakin Mu’tabar (Weak but Valid)

وَ فِي الْخِصَالِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْأَدَمِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ اللُّؤْلُؤِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ غَزْوَانَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي زِيَادٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ طُولُ الْجُلُوسِ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ يُورِثُ الْبَاسُورَ

Translation: “And in Al-KhiSaal (by Shaykh Sadooq) from Muhammad bin ‘Alee Maajeelawayh from Muhammad bin YaHyaa from Abee Sa’eed Al-Aadamee (Sahl bin Ziyaad) from Al-Hasan bin Al-Husayn Al-Lu`lu`ee from Muhammad bin Sa’eed bin Ghazwaan from Ismaa’eel bin Abee Ziyaad (Sukoonee) from Al-Saadiq (عليه السلام) from his fathers from ‘Alee (عليه السلام). He said: ‘Sitting long on the toilet inherits hemorrhoids.’”

Source: Al-Sadooq, Al-KhiSaal, vol. 1, pg. 18, hadeeth # 65
             Wasaa’il al-Shee’ah by Shaykh Hurr al-‘Aamilee, vol. 1, pg. 336, h. 886

Grading: Da’eef walakin Mu’tabar (Weak but Valid)

الْفَضْلُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ فِي مَجْمَعِ الْبَيَانِ عِنْدَ ذِكْرِ حِكَمِ لُقْمَانَ قَالَ وَ قِيلَ إِنَّ مَوْلَاهُ دَخَلَ الْمَخْرَجَ فَأَطَالَ فِيهِ الْجُلُوسَ فَنَادَاهُ لُقْمَانُ طُولُ الْجُلُوسِ عَلَى الْحَاجَةِ يُفْجَعُ مِنْهُ الْكَبِدُ وَ يُورَثُ مِنْهُ الْبَاسُورُ وَ يُصْعِدُ الْحَرَارَةَ إِلَى الرَّأْسِ فَاجْلِسْ هَوْناً وَ قُمْ هَوْناً قَالَ فَكَتَبَ حِكْمَتَهُ عَلَى بَابِ الْحُشِّ

Translation: “Al-FaDl bin Al-Hasan Al-Tabrisee in Majma’ Al-Bayaan mentions a story of Luqmaan. He said: ‘And some say: ‘Verily, his master entered the exit. Then lengthened his sitting in it. Then Luqmaan called him ‘Sitting long upon necessity. It causes hepatitis from it and inherits hemorrhoids from it and elevates temperature to/for the head. Then sit ease and rise ease. He said: ‘Then he wrote his wisdom upon the door of Al-Hushsh (?).”

Source: Al-Tabarasee, Majma` al-Bayaan, vol. 8, pg. 495 (Under verse 31:15)
             Wasaa’il al-Shee’ah by Shaykh Hurr al-‘Aamilee, vol. 1, pg. 337, h. 887

Grading: Da’eef walakin Mu’tabar (Weak but Valid)

According to Science:

Hemorrhoids are abnormally swollen veins in the rectum and anus. They are much like varicose veins you might see on a person's legs. When bulging hemorrhoidal veins are irritated, they cause surrounding membranes to swell, burn, itch, become very painful, and bleed. Hemorrhoids are caused by too much pressure in the rectum, forcing blood to stretch and bulge the walls of the veins, sometimes rupturing them. Listed below are the most frequent causes of hemorrhoids:

• Constant sitting
• Straining with bowel movements (from constipation or hard stools)
• Diarrhea
• Sitting on the toilet for a long time
• Severe coughing
• Childbirth
• Heavy Lifting

Source: http://quickcare.org/gast/hemorrhoids.html

                “#7. Avoid straining at stool or sitting on the toilet for a long time.”

Source: http://www.acg.gi.org/patients/healthtips.asp

                “The hemorrhoidal veins at the lower end of the rectum may distend or even rupture during a movement or after prolonged sitting or standing.”

Source: http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=EG0pAAAAIBAJ&sjid=JugDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4204,4073946&dq=causes+of+hemorrhoids+prolonged+sitting&hl=en

According to some sources, the first traces in history of this theory of sitting for a long time in the restroom being one of the causes for Hemorrhoids was founded in the year 1959, December 28, 1959 to be exact.

(Here is a picture of a newpaper article that was written by Dr. T. R. Van Dellen talking about one of the causes of being prolonged sitting in the restroom)

How to cure Hemorrhoids - Hadeeth:

وَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ الِاسْتِنْجَاءُ بِالْمَاءِ الْبَارِدِ يَقْطَعُ الْبَوَاسِيرَ

Translation: “And by his isnaad from Ahmad bin Abee ‘Abd Allaah (al barqee) from Al-Qaasim bin YaHya from his grandfather Al-Hasan bin Raashid from Aboo BaSeer from Abee ‘Abd Allaah (عليه السلام). He (عليه السلام) said: ‘Washing with cold water cuts the hemorrhoids.’”

Source: Al-Toosi, Tahdheeb Al-aHkaam, vol. 1, ch. 15, pg. 354, hadeeth # 19
            Wasaa’il al-Shee’ah by Shaykh Hurr al-‘Aamilee, vol. 1, pg. 354, h. 941

Grading: Da’eef

How to cure Hemorrhoids - Science:

               “Cold-Water treatment also helps the veins to shrink and tones up the walls. The treatment should be taken a day by sitting in a tub filled with cold-water up to the chin-level . Good Home Remedies for Hemorrhoids/Piles.

                Cold compresses applied to the rectal area for about an hour before going to bed at night is also beneficial.”

Source: http://natural-homeremedies.com/homeremedies_hemorrhoids.htm

Does Shee`ah Islaam Condone Racism?

Here is an article by brother Abu Abdullaah (from Shiachat):

This article is in response to an article made against some Shee’ah narrations. I will try to clear any misconceptions about these narrations through other narrations in our books, inshaa` Allaah. The word “Zanj” was translated by certain Sunnee people as “Negro”, but inshaa` Allaah I will show that this word can only be translated as “Zanj” and understood in its proper context.

There is a whole section in Wasaa’il al Shee’ah concerning this:

 بَابُ كَرَاهَةِ مُنَاكَحَةِ الزِّنْجِ وَ الْخَزَرِ وَ الْخُوزِ وَ السِّنْدِ وَ الْهِنْدِ وَ الْقَنْدِ وَ النَّبَطِ

“Chapter on the dislike of marrying the Zanj, and the Khazar, and the Khooz, and the Sind, and the Hind, and the Qand, and the NabaT”

Source: Wasaa’il al Shee’ah by Shaykh Hurr al-‘Aamilee, vol. 20, pg. 82, ch. 31

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِيَّاكُمْ وَ نِكَاحَ الزِّنْجِ فَإِنَّهُ خَلْقٌ مُشَوَّهٌ

“Beware of marrying the Zanj, for verily, it is a deformed creation.”

Source: Al-Kaafee by Shaykh Kulaynee, vol. 5, pg. 352, h. 1;

Wasaa’il Al-Shee’ah by Shaykh Hurr al-‘Aamilee, vol. 20, pg. 82, h. 25088

Grading: SaHeeH by Al-Majlisee in Miraat al-‘Uqool, vol. 20, pg. 55

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِيَّاكُمْ وَ نِكَاحَ الزِّنْجِ فَإِنَّهُ خَلْقٌ مُشَوَّهٌ

”Beware of marrying the Zanj, for verily, it is a deformed creation.”

Source: Al-Tahdheeb by Shaykh Al-Toosee, vol. 7, pg. 405, h. 29

Grading: SaHeeH

This hadeeth is SaHeeH because Haaroon bin Muslim is getting from the books of Mas’adah bin Ziyaad and Mas’adah bin Sadaqah, as stated by Sayyid al-Khu’ee in his Mu’jam al-Rijaal. Both are thiqah. So we have to go either with the benefit of the doubt and say it was from both of their books, or there was an error in writing the name. We believe it was an error in transcription. This is because Shaykh Hurr al-‘Aamilee puts this narration in his book under the same isnaad with Mas’adah bin Ziyaad. He says, “And the narration of Shaykh (Toosee) by his isnaad from Muhammad bin Ya’qoob (Kulaynee) likewise,” after mentioning the narration in Al-Kaafee, which is narrated by Mas’adah bin Ziyaad.


Taken from my personal copy of Wasaa’il Al-Shee’ah, vol. 12, pg. 54 - 55:

عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْهَاشِمِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الْحَدَّادِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ لَا تُنَاكِحُوا الزِّنْجَ وَ الْخَزَرَ فَإِنَّ لَهُمْ أَرْحَاماً تَدُلُّ عَلَى غَيْرِ الْوَفَاءِ قَالَ وَ الْهِنْدُ وَ السِّنْدُ وَ الْقَنْدُ لَيْسَ فِيهِمْ نَجِيبٌ يَعْنِي الْقُنْدُهَارَ 

“Do not marry the Zanj and the Khazar. Verily, for their wombs show upon other than obedience. He (عليه السلام) said: “And the Hind, and the Sind, and the Qand are not in them highbred meaning Kandahar.” 

Source: Al-Kaafee by Shaykh Kulaynee, vol. 5, pg. 352, h. 3

Wasaa’il Al-Shee’ah by Shaykh Hurr al-‘Aamilee, vol. 20, pg. 82, h. 25089

Grading: Da’eef

This hadeeth is highly da’eef due to Sahl bin Ziyaad, Moosa bin Ja’far, Muhammad bin ‘Abd Allaah al-Haashimee, and ‘Alee bin Daawood al-Haddaad. Sahl is weak and the other three are majhool. Since the second hadeeth is da’eef, we will focus on the SaHeeH narration, but use some of the terms in the second hadeeth as a help with the first hadeeth.

Breakdown of the word for “Zanj”:

Taken from my personal copy of William Lane’s Lexicon Dictionary, vol. 3, pg. 1256:

According to the Arabic-Lexicon Dictionary by William Lane, vol.3, pg. 1256:

“Zanj” refers to “a certain nation of blacks. The inhabitants of the country called by us “Zanguebar,” including the “Zingis” of Ptolemy, near the entrance of the Red Sea, and a large portion of inner Africa. Their country is beneath, and to the south of, the equinoctial line; and beyond them is [said to be] no habitation, or cultivation: [sometimes applied to negroes absolutely; for] some say that their country extends from the western parts of Africa nearly to Abyssinia, [comprehending the whole of Nigeria properly so called, or at least the whole of the countries of the Negroes know to the Arabs of the classical ages] and that part of it is on the Nile of Egypt.”

Now, when we dissect this “Zanj” definition we can either take it as all of Negros or as a specific group of people. Let us see how Imaam Zayn al-‘Aabideen (عليه السلام) uses it in SaHeefah al-Sajjaadiyyah, du’aa` #27:

اللَّهُمَّ وَ اعْمُمْ بِذَلِكَ أَعْدَاءَكَ فِي أَقْطَارِ الْبِلَادِ مِنَ الْهِنْدِ وَ الرُّومِ وَ التُّرْكِ وَ الْخَزَرِ وَ الْحَبَشِ وَ النُّوبَةِ وَ الزَّنْجِ وَ السَّقَالِبَةِ وَ الدَّيَالِمَةِ وَ سَائِرِ أُمَمِ الشِّرْكِ، الَّذِينَ تَخْفَى أَسْمَاؤُهُمْ وَ صِفَاتُهُمْ، وَ قَدْ أَحْصَيْتَهُمْ بِمَعْرِفَتِكَ، وَ أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِقُدْرَتِكَ.

Translation: ”O Allaah (سبحانه و تعالى), include in this Thy enemies in the regions of the lands, the Indians, the Byzantines, the Turks, the Khazars, the Abyssinians, the Nubians, the Zanjis, the Slavs, the Daylamites, and the rest of the idol-worshipping nations, those whose names and attributes are concealed, but whom Thou countest in Thy cognizance and overseest through Thy power!”

As we see, that the Imaam (عليه السلام) doesn’t say EVERY Khazar and the Zanj. The Imaam (عليه السلام) says the enemies in the regions of the lands that are idol worshipping nations. It is not just the Zanj and Khazar, but many others, that the A’immah (عليه السلام) are focusing on. Nowadays, there are many Muslims in India, so we see that it would not make sense to say all of India. It would focus on the idol worshippers of India. Also, Imaam Muhammad bin ‘Alee Al-Jawaad’s (عليه السلام) mother was a slave-wife called Sabeekah, she was a Nubian. Shaykh Al-Toosee speaks about marrying the Nubian.

يكره نكاح جميع السّودان من الزّنج و غيرهم إلّا النّوبة خاصّة. و يكره التّزويج بالأكراد. و يكره تزويج المجنونة. و لا بأس بوطئها بملك اليمين، غير أنّه لا يطلب ولدها

It is disliked to marry the Sudanese from the Zanj and other than them except specifically, the Nubians. And it is disliked to marry the Kurds. And it is disliked to marry the crazy. And it is no problem to have sexual intercourse with whom your right hands possess. Still don’t demand a child from it.

Source: Nihaayah by Shaykh Al-Toosee, pg. 464

انكحوا الأكفاء و انكحوا منهم و اختاروا لنطفكم و إياكم و نكاح الزنج فإنه خلق مشوه

”Marry qualified (people) and marry from them and choose for your sperm and beware of marrying the Zanj, for verily, it is a deformed creation.”

Source: al-Ja’fariyaat, pg. 90

This hadeeth is also narrated in Sunnee books, but we will say that it is outright MawDoo’ according to their standards. Very similar hadeeth to the hadeeth we have above:

This is taken from my personal copy of Silsilah Ahaadeeth Al-Da’eefah wa Al-MawDoo’ah:

تخيروا لنطفكم، و انكحوا في الاكفاء ، و إياكم و الزنج فإنه خلق مشوه

“Choose for your sperm, and marry from qualified (people), and beware of marrying the zanj, for verily, it is a deformed creation.”

Source: Silsilah Ahaadeeth Al-Da’eefah wa Al-MawDoo’ah by Shaykh Albaanee, vol. 2, pg. 159, h. 730

Graded: MawDoo’ (Fabricated)

There is also another narration which is very Da’eef that speaks about Soorah Maa`idah (5): Verse 14 and references these groups of people:

َ قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَا تَشْتَرِ مِنَ السُّودَانِ أَحَداً فَإِنْ كَانَ لَا بُدَّ فَمِنَ النُّوبَةِ فَإِنَّهُمْ مِنَ الَّذِينَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ قالُوا إِنَّا نَصارى‏ أَخَذْنا مِيثاقَهُمْ فَنَسُوا حَظًّا مِمَّا ذُكِّرُوا بِهِ (المائدة : 14 ) أَمَا إِنَّهُمْ سَيَذْكُرُونَ ذَلِكَ الْحَظَّ وَ سَيَخْرُجُ مَعَ الْقَائِمِ ع مِنَّا عِصَابَةٌ مِنْهُمْ وَ لَا تَنْكِحُوا مِنَ الْأَكْرَادِ أَحَداً فَإِنَّهُمْ جِنْسٌ مِنَ الْجِنِّ كُشِفَ عَنْهُمُ الْغِطَاءُ

Aboo ‘Abd Allaah (عليه السلام) said to me: “Do not buy one from Soodaan. Then if it was no escape then from Al-Nawbah. Then, verily they are from the people Allaah (سبحانه و تعالى) said: “And with those who say, We are Christians, We made a covenant, but they neglected a portion of what they were reminded of…” (5:14). But verily they will remember that chance and exit with the Qaa’im (عليه السلام) from us a gang from them and do not marry one from the Kurds. Then verily they are a category from the jinn discover about them the covering.”

Source: Al-Kaafee by Shaykh Kulaynee, vol. 5, pg. 352, h. 2; 

             Wasaa’il Al-Shee’ah by Shaykh Hurr al-‘Aamilee, vol. 20, pg. 83, h. 25093;

             Tafseer Noor al-Thaqalayn by Al-Haweezee, vol. 1, pg. 601  

Now what does Shee’ah Islaam say about Racism?

‘ASabiyyah (Racism, Prejudice) in Islaam is 100% Haraam and is punishable by Allaah (سبحانه و تعالى):

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ مَنْ تَعَصَّبَ أَوْ تُعُصِّبَ لَهُ فَقَدْ خَلَعَ رِبْقَةَ الْإِيمَانِ مِنْ عُنُقِهِ

“Whoever does prejudice or has prejudice done for him, then certainly, he removed a noose of belief from his neck.”

Source: Al-Kaafee by Shaykh Kulaynee, vol. 2, pg. 307, Chapter on “Prejudice”, h. 1

Grading: SaHeeH

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ وَ دُرُسْتَ بْنِ أَبِي مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ تَعَصَّبَ أَوْ تُعُصِّبَ لَهُ فَقَدْ خَلَعَ رِبْقَ الْإِيمَانِ مِنْ عُنُقِهِ

“Whoever does prejudice or has prejudice done for him, then certainly, he removed a noose of belief from his neck.”

Source: Al-Kaafee by Shaykh Kulaynee, vol. 2, pg. 308, Chapter on “Prejudice”, h. 2

Grading: SaHeeH

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ كَانَ فِي قَلْبِهِ حَبَّةٌ مِنْ خَرْدَلٍ مِنْ عَصَبِيَّةٍ بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مَعَ أَعْرَابِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ

“Whoever has in his heart a mustard seed of prejudice, Allaah (سبحانه و تعالى) will raise him on the day of judgement with the Arabs of Jaahiliyyah (before the advent of Islaam).”

Source: Al-Kaafee by Shaykh Kulaynee, vol. 2, pg. 308, Chapter on “Prejudice”, h. 3

Grading: Muwaththaq

In conclusion, the A’immah (عليه السلام) are not going against a race or group of people just to be racist, but are making people disassociate from people of shirk. Also, these narrations show that there were specific groups in these areas that were against Islaam.

aHaadeeth on the Verse of Muwaddah in Shee`ah Books

Here is a blog post by brother Zeshan Zaveri (zzaveri from shiachat.com)

Hadith # 1

 مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْخَالِقِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْأَحْوَلِ وَ أَنَا أَسْمَعُ أَتَيْتَ الْبَصْرَةَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ كَيْفَ رَأَيْتَ مُسَارَعَةَ النَّاسِ إِلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ دُخُولَهُمْ فِيهِ قَالَ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُمْ لَقَلِيلٌ وَ لَقَدْ فَعَلُوا وَ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَقَلِيلٌ فَقَالَ عَلَيْكَ بِالْأَحْدَاثِ فَإِنَّهُمْ أَسْرَعُ إِلَى كُلِّ خَيْرٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا يَقُولُ أَهْلُ الْبَصْرَةِ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ قُلْ لا أَسْئَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبى‏

 قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّهَا لِأَقَارِبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ كَذَبُوا إِنَّمَا نَزَلَتْ فِينَا خَاصَّةً فِي أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ أَصْحَابِ الْكِسَاءِ ع‏

Translation:  I once heard Abu ‘AbdAllah, asking Abu Ja’far al-Ahwal, when I was listening, “Did you go to Basrah?”  He replied, “Yes” (I went to Basra), He (the Imam) asked, “How was people’s promptness to access this command (Wilayah)?  He replied, “By Allah it is very little, they have done it but they are very few.”  He (the Imam) said, “You must approach the young ones because they are quicker to all good things.”  He (the Imam) said, “What do the people of Basra say about the verse of the Quran, “Say, I do not ask of you any reward, except that you must love my near ones.” (42:23) I then said, “May I be ransomed for you”, they say it is about the relatives of the Messenger of Allah.  He (the Imam) said, “They have spoken a lie.  It was revealed about us specifically, about Ahlulbayt, Ali, Fatimah, al-Hassan and al-Hussain, the people of the Cloak.

Source:  Shaykh Kulayni, Al-Kafi, Volume 8, pg. 93 Hadith # 66

Grading: Allamah Majlisi Graded the following Hadith SaHeeH (Authentic)

Grading Source:  Miraat al-‘Uqool, Volume 25, pg. 221-222

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Hadith # 2

الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ مُثَنًّى عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَجْلَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى قُلْ لا أَسْئَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبى‏

 قَالَ هُمُ الْأَئِمَّةُ ع                                        

Translation:  About the words of Allah, the most High, “Say, I do not ask of you any reward, except that you must love my near ones.” (42:23), The (Imam said), “They are the Aimmah (The Imams).

Source:  Shaykh Kulayni, Al-Kafi, Volume 1, pg. 413 Hadith # 7

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Hadith # 3

قال محمد بن العباس رحمه الله حدثنا الحسن بن محمد بن يحيى العلوي عن أبي محمد إسماعيل بن محمد بن إسحاق بن محمد بن جعفر بن محمد قال حدثني عمي علي بن جعفر عن الحسين بن يزيد عن الحسن بن زيد عن أبيه عن جده ع قال خطب الحسن بن علي بن أبي طالب ع حين قتل علي ع ثم قال و أنا من أهل بيت افترض الله مودتهم على كل مسلم حيث يقول قُلْ لا أَسْئَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبى‏ وَ مَنْ يَقْتَرِفْ حَسَنَةً نَزِدْ لَهُ فِيها حُسْناً فاقتراف الحسنة مودتنا أهل البيت

Translation:  Al-Hassan ibn ‘Ali ibn Abi-Talib said in a speech, The time when ‘Ali was killed, he said, I am from the Ahlulbayt of Allah made it a duty to love them on every Muslim.  Then he said, “Say, I do not ask of you any reward, except that you must love my near ones.” (42:23)…

Source:  Shaykh Astarabadi, Ta`weel al-Aayaat al-Dhaahirah, pg. 530-531

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Hadith # 4

و قال أيضا حدثنا عبد العزيز بن يحيى عن محمد بن زكريا عن محمد بن عبد الله الجشمي عن الهيثم بن عدي عن سعيد بن صفوان عن عبد الملك بن عمير عن الحسين بن علي ع في قوله عز و جل قُلْ لا أَسْئَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبى‏

 قال و إن القرابة التي أمر الله بصلتها و عظم من حقها و جعل الخير فيها قرابتنا أهل البيت الذين أوجب الله حقنا على كل مسلم

Translation:  In his saying, The Respected and Glorious “Say, I do not ask of you any reward, except that you must love my near ones.” (42:23)  He said and if the near ones Allah commands relations with and with great truth, and make good to us, the near ones, the ahlulbayt who Allah has made obligatory upon every Muslim.

Source:  Shaykh Astarabadi, Ta`weel al-Aayaat al-Dhaahirah, pg. 530-531

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Hadith # 5

 عنه عن الحسن بن علي الخزاز عن مثنى الحناط عن عبد الله بن عجلان قال سألت أبا جعفر ع عن قول الله عز و جل قُلْ لا أَسْئَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبى‏

 فقال هم الأئمة الذين لا يأكلون الصدقة و لا تحل لهم

Translation:  Said from Allah, the Respected the Glorious, He said, “Say I do not ask any reward, except you love my near ones,” (42:23) He said, they are the Aimmah (Imams) who cannot consume Charity (Sadaqah) and not settled (the consuming of charity) for them.

Source:  Shaykh Barqi, Al-Mahasin, Volume 1, pg. 145, Hadith # 48

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Hadith # 6

 قال أخبرني أبو نصر محمد بن الحسين المقري قال حدثنا أبو عبد الله الحسين بن محمد الأسدي قال حدثنا أبو عبد الله جعفر بن عبد الله العلوي قال حدثنا يحيى بن هاشم الغساني قال حدثني أبو المفوم يحيى بن ثعلبة الأنصاري عن عاصم بن أبي النجود عن زر بن حبيش عن عبد الله بن مسعود قال كنا مع النبي ص في بعض أسفاره إذ هتف بنا أعرابي بصوت جهوري فقال يا محمد فقال له النبي ص ما تشاء فقال المرء يحب القوم و لا يعمل بأعمالهم فقال النبي ص المرء مع من أحب فقال يا محمد أعرض علي الإسلام فقال أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله و أني رسول الله و تقيم الصلاة و تؤتي الزكاة و تصوم شهر رمضان و تحج البيت فقال يا محمد تأخذ على هذا أجرا فقال لا إلا المودة في القربى قال قرباي أو قرباك قال بل قرباي قال هلم يدك حتى أبايعك لا خير فيمن لا يودك و لا يود قرباك

Translation:  Once we were with the Prophet, on one of his journeys, a Bedouin exclaimed at us: “Oh Muhammad.” The Prophet replied “What do you want?” He said, “What about a person who has affinity and love for a community but does not follow their acts?” The Prophet said, “A man is with whom he loves.”

Then he said, “Present to me al-Islam”.  He said, “Testify there is no god except Allah, and I am the Messenger of Allah, and establish prayers, and establish Zakah, and fast in the month of Ramadan and perform Hajj to the House (Kaaba).”  He (Bedouin) said, “Oh Muhammad, do you take any reward in this?”  He the Prophet said, “None, except the love for the near kins.”  He asked, “Do you mean my nearest kin or yours?  He (the Prophet) said:  “My kins.”  He (Bedouin) said, “Extend your hand so that I give you allegiance.  There is no good in a person who does not love you and your kinsfolk.”

Source:  Shaykh Mufeed, Al-Amaali, pg. 151-152.

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Hadith # 7

حدثني أبو سهل الجامعي قال أخبرنا أبو حفص عمر بن أحمد قال أخبرنا أبو الحسن نمل بن عبد الله بن علي الصوفي قال حدثنا أبو إسحاق إبراهيم بن الحسين التستري قال حدثنا الحسين بن إدريس الجريري قال حدثنا أبو عثمان الجحدري عن فضال بن جبير عن أبي أمامة الباهلي قال قال رسول الله ص إن الله خلق الأنبياء من شجر شتى و خلقني و عليا من شجرة واحدة، فأنا أصلها و علي فرعها و الحسن و الحسين ثمارها و أشياعنا أوراقها، فمن تعلق بغصن من أغصانها نجا، و من زاغ هوى، و لو أن عابدا عبد الله ألف عام ثم ألف عام ثم ألف عام ثم لم يدرك محبتنا أهل البيت أكبه الله على منخريه في النار. ثم تلا قُلْ لا أَسْئَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبى‏

 [23-  الشورى‏]

Translation:  The Messenger of Allah said, “If Allah created the Prophets from the various trees and created me and ‘Ali from a single tree.  Ali and I are from the same branch, and al-Hassan and al-Hussain are its fruits.  The Shi’ah are their leaves and whomever clings to the branch of its branches will be saved (rescued). And who detaches will fall.  And if a thousand worshippers, worshipped Allah in a thousand years, and then a thousand years and did not understand the love of the ahlulbayt, then Allah will throw him into the fire (hell).  Then he recited, “Say, I do not ask any reward, except that you must love my near ones.” (42:23)

Source:  Hakim Haskani, Shawaahid al-Tanzeel, Volume 1, pg. 553-554, Hadith # 588

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Hadith # 8

و عن ديلم بن عمر قال كنت بالشام حتى أتي بسبايا آل محمد ص فأقيموا على باب المسجد حيث تقام السبايا و فيهم علي بن الحسين فأتاهم شيخ من أشياخ أهل الشام فقال الحمد لله الذي قتلكم و أهلككم و قطع قرون الفتنة فلم يأل عن سبهم و شتمهم فلما انقضى كلامه قال له علي بن الحسين ع إني قد أنصت لك حتى فرغت من منطقك و أظهرت ما في نفسك من العداوة و البغضاء فأنصت لي كما أنصت لك فقال له هات قال علي ع أ ما قرأت كتاب الله عز و جل قال نعم فقال له ع أ ما قرأت في الآية قُلْ لا أَسْئَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبى‏

 قال بلى فقال ع نحن أولئك فهل تجد لنا في سورة بني إسرائيل حقا خاصة دون المسلمين فقال لا فقال أ ما قرأت هذه الآية وَ آتِ ذَا الْقُرْبى‏ حَقَّهُ قال نعم قال علي ع فنحن أولئك الذين أمر الله نبيه أن يؤتيهم حقهم فقال الشامي إنكم لأنتم هم فقال علي ع نعم فهل قرأت هذه الآية وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّما غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْ‏ءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ وَ لِلرَّسُولِ وَ لِذِي الْقُرْبى‏ فقال له الشامي بلى فقال علي ع فنحن ذو القربى فهل تجد لنا في سورة الأحزاب حقا خاصة دون المسلمين فقال لا قال علي بن الحسين ع أ ما قرأت هذه الآية إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً قال فرفع الشامي يده إلى السماء ثم قال اللهم إني أتوب إليك ثلاث مرات اللهم إني أتوب إليك من عداوة آل محمد و أبرأ إليك ممن قتل أهل بيت محمد و لقد قرأت القرآن منذ دهر فما شعرت بها قبل اليوم

Translation:  What I read in the verse (ayah), “Say I do not ask any reward, except you love my near ones,” (42:23) He said: Yes, and said, We are those (the near ones).

Source:  Shaykh Tabarsi, al-Ihtijaaj, Volume 2, pg. 306-307

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The Compiler of Kaamil Ziyaaraat, Shaykh ibn Qulawayh al-Qummi’s own words

و أبان فضلهم على لسان نبيه ص و فرض على العباد مودتهم في كتابه الناطق على لسان نبيه الصادق حيث يقول جل من قائل قُلْ لا أَسْئَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبى‏

 فأمر النبي ص بحبهم و حث على التقرب إليهم في برهم و زيارتهم في حياتهم و بعد مماتهم‏

Translation:  He (Allah) has explained their merits on the tongue of his Prophet (SAWAS) and made loving them obligatory on His slaves in His Speaking Book and through the tongue of His Truthful Prophet (SAWAS) by saying, and He is the most honorable one to say, “Say I do not ask any reward, except you love my near ones,” (42:23).

The Prophet (SAWAS) ordered (the people) to love them and stressed seeking nearness to them, being kind to them, and going to their Ziyarah during their lives and after their deaths.

Source:  Shaykh Ibn Qulawayh al-Qummi, Kaamil Ziyaaraat, pg. 3 (In his Preface)

Reward for Visiting the Grave of Imam Hussain and Crying For Him

Here is a blog post by Zeshan Zaveri (zzaveri from shiachat)

أبي ره قال حدثني سعد بن عبد الله عن يعقوب بن يزيد عن محمد بن أبي عمير عن معاوية بن وهب قال دخلت على أبي عبد الله ع و هو في مصلاه فجلست حتى قضى صلاته فسمعته و هو يناجي ربه فيقول يا من خصنا بالكرامة و وعدنا الشفاعة و حملنا الرسالة و جعلنا ورثة الأنبياء و ختم بنا الأمم السالفة و خصنا بالوصية و أعطانا علم ما مضى و علم ما بقي و جعل أفئدة من الناس تهوي إلينا اغفر لي و لإخواني و زوار قبر أبي عبد الله الحسين بن علي ع الذين أنفقوا أموالهم و أشخصوا أبدانهم رغبة في برنا و رجاء لما عندك في صلتنا و سرورا أدخلوه على نبيك محمد ص و إجابة منهم لأمرنا و غيظا أدخلوه على عدونا أرادوا بذلك رضوانك فكافهم عنا بالرضوان و اكلأهم بالليل و النهار و اخلف على أهاليهم و أولادهم الذين خلفوا بأحسن الخلف و أصحبهم و اكفهم شر كل جبار عنيد و كل ضعيف من خلقك و شديد و شر شياطين الإنس و الجن و أعطهم أفضل ما أملوا منك في غربتهم عن أوطانهم و ما آثروا على أبنائهم و أبدانهم و أهاليهم و قراباتهم اللهم إن أعداءنا أعابوا عليهم خروجهم فلم ينههم ذلك عن النهوض و الشخوص إلينا خلافا عليهم فارحم تلك الوجوه التي غيرتها الشمس و ارحم تلك الخدود التي تقلبت على قبر أبي عبد الله الحسين ع و ارحم تلك العيون التي جرت دموعها رحمة لنا و ارحم تلك القلوب التي جزعت و احترقت لنا و ارحم تلك الصرخة التي كانت لنا اللهم إني أستودعك تلك الأنفس و تلك الأبدان حتى ترويهم من الحوض يوم العطش فما زال ص يدعو بهذا الدعاء و هو ساجد فلما انصرف قلت له جعلت فداك لو أن هذا الذي سمعته منك كان لمن لا يعرف الله لظننت أن النار لا تطعم منه شيئا أبدا و الله لقد تمنيت إن كنت زرته و لم أحج فقال لي ما أقربك منه فما الذي يمنعك عن زيارته يا معاوية و لم تدع الحج ذلك قلت جعلت فداك فلم أدر أن الأمر يبلغ هذا فقال يا معاوية و من يدعو لزواره في السماء أكثر ممن يدعو لهم في الأرض لا تدعه لخوف من أحد فمن تركه لخوف رأى من الحسرة ما يتمنى أن قبره كان بيده أ ما تحب أن يرى الله شخصك و سوادك ممن يدعو له رسول الله ص أ ما تحب أن تكون غدا ممن تصافحه الملائكة أ ما تحب أن تكون غدا فيمن رأى و ليس عليه ذنب فتتبع أ ما تحب أن تكون غدا فيمن يصافح رسول الله ص

Translation:  Muawiyah ibn Wahab said:  “I enter upon Abi Abdullah (Imam Jafar as-Sadiq) (as) and he was sitting on his place of prayer.  I waited until he finished his prayers and then I heard him recite to his Lord and he said.”

Oh whom has favored us with Honour, and promised us intercession (al-Shafaa’ah), and made us carry the message (risalat), and made us the inheritor of the Prophets, and made us a seal of the previous nations, and has favored us with successorship (al-Wasiyah), and gave us knowledge of what has passed (past), and knowledge of what is left (future), and make the hearts of the people yearn for us.

Forgive me and my brothers and the visitors to the grave Abi Abdullah al-Husayn bin ‘Ali (as), and who spends out of their wealth.  Those who ready their bodies in doing good to us and because of their hope in what is with you of compensation for keeping good relations with us and because of the happiness they bring to your Prophet Muhammad (SAWAS), because of obeying our commands and because of the anger they bring upon our enemies, so compensate then on our behalf by being happy with them, and support them in the night and day, and backing their families and children whom they have left behind, with the best backing.  Accompany them and protect them against the evil of every hostile tyrant, weak ones of your creation or strong ones, and against the evil of the devils of human and jinn.  Grant them the best, which they are to receive from You in their condition of being in strange places away from their homelands the preference they give us over their own children, families and relatives.

Oh Allah, our enemies mock at them for their visiting us, but that did not stop them from coming to us and they went against those who are against us.  So have mercy on those faces which have been changed by the sun.  And have mercy upon those cheeks which have rolled over the grave of Abi ‘Abdullah al-Husayn (as), have mercy on those eyes which have shed tears in compassion for us, have mercy on those hearts which have become anxious (restless) and anguished (burn) for us, and have mercy on those who’s wailing (heavy crying) is done for us.

Oh Allah, I entrust those soul and bodies with you until the time we meet, and compensate them at the pond (kawthar) on the day of thirst. 

He (the Imam) continued this supplication in prostration. 

When he finished, I said, “May I sacrifice myself for you! I think that if this supplication applies to even the people who do not know Allah, the will not taste hellfire.  By Allah, I wish I had gone to his ziyarah instead of going to Hajj.”

Imam said, “You are so close to him.  What prevents you from going to his Ziyaarah? Oh Mu’aawiyah, Why do you neglect it?”

I replied, “May I sacrifice myself for you! I did not think that it was this important.”

Imam said, “Oh Mu’aawiyah! The number of those in the heavens who supplicate for the visitors (of Imam Hussain (as) grave) is greater than those who supplicate for them (the visitors) on Earth.”

Source:  Shaykh Sadooq, Thawaab al-‘Amaal, pg. 94-96

Hadith Grading:  SaHeeH (Authentic)

Other Sources: 

1. Shaykh Kulayni, Al-Kafi, Volume 4, pg. 582-583 Hadith # 11
2. Shaykh Hurr al-‘Amili, Wasaail ush-Shi’a, Volume 14, pg. 411-413 Hadith # 19482
3. Muhadith al-Noori, Mustadrak al-Wasaail, Volume 10, pg. 230-232 Hadith # 11914
4. Allamah Majlisi, Bihaar ul-Anwaar, Volume 98, pg. 8-9 Hadith # 30
5. Allamah Majlisi, Bihaar ul-Anwaar, Volume 98, pg. 51-53 Hadith # 1
6. Kaamil Ziyaaraat, pg. 116-117 Hadith # 2